There are two types of Hebrews when it comes to who are the Hebrews. The first is the fleshly or worldly Hebrews who are Hebrews because of their bloodline descendancy. The second is those who are called by The Most High, Yah, to crossover and become His set apart and Elect ones. Thus, making them spiritual Hebrews who were chosen to build the Kingdom of Heaven on earth as it is in Heaven.

The word Hebrew in language is written as עִבְרִי in Masoretic Hebrew, 𐤏𐤁𐤓𐤉 in Paleo-Hebrew, and Ἑβραῖος (Hebraios) in Greek. This stems from the ancestor Eber, whose name was written as 𐤏𐤁𐤓. Thus, making any one born from him an earthly bloodline Hebrew.

Nonetheless, Abraham was called by The Most High to leave the city of Haran, in Mesopotamia, to cross over and travel to a land that Elohim would show him. This made him the first spiritual Hebrew, and all who would follow after him and follow the command of Elohim would be set apart and called to cross over spiritually. Abraham (Abaraham)'s name has similar spelling to Eber's but uses the 𐤀 instead of the 𐤏.

The References

There is speculation that the family name Hebrew was known as Habiru or ʿApiru in other cultures. The name Habiru means "outsiders" or "wanderers". It was used to describe nomadic people, fugitives, bandits, and workers of lower social status.

ʿApiru (Ugaritic: 𐎓𐎔𐎗𐎎, romanized: ʿPRM, Ancient Egyptian: 𓂝𓊪𓂋𓅱𓀀𓏥, romanized: ꜥprw), also known in the Akkadian version Ḫabiru (sometimes written Habiru, Ḫapiru or Hapiru; Akkadian: 𒄩𒁉𒊒, ḫa-bi-ru or *ʿaperu) is a term used in 2nd-millennium BCE texts throughout the Fertile Crescent for a social status of people who were variously described as rebels, outlaws, raiders, mercenaries, bowmen, servants, slaves, and laborers.

The term was first discovered in its Akkadian version "ḫa-bi-ru" or "ḫa-pi-ru". Due to later findings in Ugaritic and Egyptian which used the consonants ʿ, p and r, and in light of the well-established sound change from Northwest Semitic ʿ to Akkadian ḫ, the root of this term is proven to be ʿ-p-r. This root means "dust, dirt", and links to the characterization of the ʿApiru as nomads, mercenaries, people who are not part of the cultural society. The morphological pattern of the word is qatilu, which point to a status, condition.

The Late Bronze Age (c. 1550–c. 1200 bce) was mainly one of Egyptian dominance in Canaan, although their power there was contested by the Hittites of Anatolia. The period was also marked by incursions of marauders called Hapiru, or Habiru (Egyptian: ʿApiru). This term was apparently applied by the Egyptians to other peoples or social groups who were of foreign origin. Many scholars feel that among the Hapiru were the original Hebrews, of whom the later Israelites were only one branch or confederation.

The Sumerogram sa.gaz

The Akkadian term Ḫabiru occasionally alternates with the Sumerograms sa.gaz. Akkadian dictionaries for Sumerograms added to sa.gaz the gloss ḫabatu "raider", which raised the suggestion to read the Sumerograms as this word. However, the Amarna letters attested the spelling sa ga.az, and letters from Ugarit attested the spelling sa.gaz, which points that these Sumerograms were read as written and did not function as ideograms. The only Akkadian word that fits such spelling is "šagašu" (barbarian), but an Akkadian gloss to an Akkadian word seems odd, and the meaning of šagašu doesn't fit the essence of the Ḫabiru. Therefore, the meaning of sa.gaz should probably be found in a West Semitic word such as Aramaic šgš, which means "muddy, restless" while the word ḫabatu should be interpreted as "nomad," which fits the meaning of the word Ḫabiru/ʿApiru.